What idiosyncratic features of their music made them become accepted as national figures? What were the political dynamics surrounding their compositions? What were their motives of composing for the modern nation? Are there any common musical, literary, local and translocal elements in their compositions? How can the similarities of their works be theoretically framed? To find answers to these questions, a genealogical study of the composers’ biographies has been conducted and chronologically selected compositions from both musicians have been analyzed. Two contemporary composers, Carlos Chávez from Mexico and Ahmed Adnan Saygun from Turkey, became important characters in the musical modernization of their countries with their compositions. In an effort to see the reflections of music in politics and politics in music, this paper aims at comparing the modernization processes of two distinct nations through the works of two significant composers who went beyond their nations. Music was a crucial tool in the aftermath of wars and musical nationalism went hand in hand with nationalist modernization. Late 19th and 20th centuries witnessed the emergence of nation-states following wars against others or within themselves the new states executed their cultural policies for fitting into their myths of origin and ideal nations.

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